Attributes

Defense and attack
The ratio between the defender's defense and the attacker's attack determines the probability of (critically) hitting or missing, as seen in the chart below.



Computing attributes
Modifiers came in three categories: base, equipment, and net. Within each category, the computation starts by summing all flat attributes. Then, any percentage modifiers are applied.

Base attributes
Flat base attributes are the sum of:
 * Unit type.

Base percentage modifiers are then applied:
 * Direct (i.e. not via Capacities) modifiers from non-quest equipment.
 * Unit level (20% for regular units per level, 10% for Heroes).

Equipment attributes
Flat equipment attributes are the sum of:
 * Direct modifiers (i.e. not via Capacities) from equipment.

Equipment percentage modifiers are then applied:
 * Direct (i.e. not via Capacities) modifiers from quest equipment.
 * Strategic resource efficiency.

Net attributes
Flat net attributes are the sum of:
 * Base attributes.
 * Equipment attributes.
 * Hero skills.
 * Faction traits.

Net percentage modifiers are then applied:
 * Hero skills.
 * Morale (15% per point).
 * Unit capacities, including those resulting from unit actions and from equipment.
 * Technologies.
 * Faction traits.
 * Bonuses from assimilated minor factions.
 * Other empire-wide effects.